The aim of this essay is to answer the statement in question through a study of  the Italian peace movement from 1998 to 2008, a decade since the important introduction of the new law about conscientious objection and civil service in Italy. This law represents a turning point and is very remarkable, because it introduced for the first time in Italy the idea of non-armed and nonviolent defence and the opportunity to do civil service overseas in conflict areas with NGOs or Associations which have the goal to find out a kind of management, solution or transformation of conflict.